Your car's engine is the power source for both heating and air conditioning systems. The systems also share other components, as the above diagram shows. Here's what happens when you flip on the heat or the air conditioner:

(I.) Heating System
Heat is a byproduct of the engine's combustion process. The coolant in your car’s radiator absorbs the heat. The coolant is then circulated through the heater core before returning to the radiator. The heating system also includes a series of air ducts, a blower motor and fan, and temperature and duct controls, which select the desired temperature and direct the flow of warm air.

(II.) Air Conditioning System
This system shares air ducts, controls and a blower with the heater, but has its own refrigerant system. The air conditioning system is comprised of the following components:

(1) Compressor
This is a pump that pressurizes and circulates the refrigerant through the system.

(2) Condenser
As the refrigerant flows through the condenser, it gives off heat and converts from gas to liquid.

(3) Receiver/Dryer or Accumulator
This is where clean, dry refrigerant is stored as it circulates through the system.

(4) Orifice Tube or Expansion Valve
This is a metering device that controls the flow of refrigerant through the system.

(5) Evaporator Core
Refrigerant enters the evaporator core as a liquid. Heat from the air converts the liquid refrigerant back into a gas, which cools the air before it enters your vehicle.

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